In Microsoft world, DNS zones are the heart of the DNS server. Let's talk about DNS zones now.
Forward zone
1. Primary zone: This is the read/write copy of the zone. If the DNS server resolves a query in this zone, it is an authoritative answer.
2. Secondary zone: This is a read only copy of the primary zone on another server.
3. Stub zone: When a user accesses a lot of resources in other domain, we can create a stub zone in our domain so that it gives enough information for the user to query resources in the other domain. It will not be authoritative which means- It will say that I will not answer any question but point you to other server who can answer question.
Reverse Zone:
A reverse is opposite of a forward zone and it is used to resolve an IP address into name. That situation might arise while someone is troubleshooting a network connectivity problem and the network sniffer program has detected a problem with a computer and we just know the ipaddress of the computer. Otherwise, some applications also make use of reverse zones.
Conditional Forwarders:
Conditional forwarders are used if the server needs to forward the queries to another server in a different domain. You can right click on conditional forwarders and choose the option new conditional forwarder. Enter the domain name where it says DNS domain and enter the ipaddress of the server where it says, IP addresses of the master servers.
A reverse is opposite of a forward zone and it is used to resolve an IP address into name. That situation might arise while someone is troubleshooting a network connectivity problem and the network sniffer program has detected a problem with a computer and we just know the ipaddress of the computer. Otherwise, some applications also make use of reverse zones.
Conditional Forwarders:
Conditional forwarders are used if the server needs to forward the queries to another server in a different domain. You can right click on conditional forwarders and choose the option new conditional forwarder. Enter the domain name where it says DNS domain and enter the ipaddress of the server where it says, IP addresses of the master servers.
Before resolving the queries, do not forget to clear the resolved queries from the cache using the following command:
ipconfig /flushdns
On the DNS server, queries can be cleared using the following command:
dnscmd /clearcache
Stub Zones
Conditional forwarders are a bit of a problem in case when the the IT admin of the other domain adds another DNS server in their IT server room. The server is not updated automatically under the conditional forwarders. With Stub zones, the dns servers are automatically updated.
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